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October glory maple tree diseases1/22/2024 ![]() To provide a theoretical basis and technical support for the production of Acer rubrum L. At present, the tissue culture and rapid propagation system of red maple is still being perfected, and yet there are no reports about red maple’s embryonic callus and adventitious organ formation. This technology has been widely used in the breeding of garden plants that propagate slowly or have problems with propagation, and are of great significance for the propagation and conservation of rare plants. Somatic embryogenesis technology plays an important role in the preparation of artificial seeds and the genetic improvement of garden plants. In many cases, specific combinations and proportions of auxin and cytokinin can effectively induce embryonic callus or directional differentiation of organs. When a PGR stimulates explants and calluses, the internal intrinsic hormones produce feedback and induce a callus to form an embryonic callus. Among them, the interaction between the medium and the PGRs is the basis for the establishment of embryonic cells. ![]() Types of explants, osmotic pressure, plant growth regulators (PGRs), environmental conditions, these factors play a vital role in the formation and maturation of embryonic callus. Therefore, the formation of callus embryo becomes the most important link. Plant transformation regeneration systems mainly depend on whether they can form mature embryonic cells. Therefore, it is of practical significance to establish the rapid propagation system of red maple. In addition, it is difficult to satisfy mass production requirements by small-scale cutting propagation. The use of cuttings and other vegetative propagation methods are limited by the season and quantity of material. However, its low seed maturation rate and unstable leaf color traits of its progeny make it difficult to promote planting through seed propagation. After domesticating and cultivating the red maple, we selected this cultivar as it is well adapted to the climate conditions in southwest China (especially the bud mutations we selected) and has rapid growth along with stable leaf color. Introduced in China in 2011, October Glory ( Acer rubrum L., red maple), originating in the northeastern United States, is an excellent cultivar, due to its beauty, colorful leaves, wet resistance, cold resistance, drought tolerance, ecological characteristics, and broad ability to adapt to a variety of soil types. However, due to environmental factors, the introduction of colored-leaf tree species is often accompanied by the problem of unstable leaf color and variation of progeny traits. As a kind of ideal colored-leaf tree species, red maple has a promising market and is one of the most popular trees in modern landscape design planning in China. ![]() Landscape industry has been recognized as the “eternal sunrise industry”. In the course of our research, we found that PGRs play an important role in the callus induction stage, and the effect of TDZ is particularly obvious The callus cells grow and proliferate according to the “S” growth curve, and can be sub-cultured when the highest growth point is reached to maintain the rapid proliferation of the callus cells and to avoid inactivation of callus caused by tight niche. ![]() The induction rate of adventitious roots in MS + 0.6 mg/L TDZ + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 3 mg/L NAA + 35 g/L sucrose+ 7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium was the highest, reaching 76%. The optimal medium for adventitious bud induction is MS + 1.0 mg/L TDZ + 3.0 mg/L 6-BA+ 0.2 mg/L NAA (1-Naphthaleneacetic acid) + 1.2 mg/L IAA + 35 g/L sucrose+ 7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium. When selecting type VI callus as embryonic callus induction material, MS + 0.6 mg/L TDZ + 0.5 mg/L 6-BA + 2.0 mg/L IAA + 35 g/L sucrose+ 7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium can get embryonic callus. The MS (Murashige&Skoog) + 0.8 mg/L TDZ (Thidiazuron) + 1.0 mg/L 6-BA (6-Benzylaminopurine) + 0.5 mg/L IAA(Indole-3-acetic acid) + 35 g/L sucrose+ 7.5 g/L semi-fixed medium was the best for callus formation. The results showed that the stem segment is the most suitable explant for inducing embryogenic callus. ![]() This experiment aims to explore the appropriate conditions at each stage of the red maple’s tissue culture process and to obtain plantlets, thus providing a theoretical basis for the establishment of the red maple’s tissue culture system. Tissue culture and rapid propagation technology is an important way to solve the difficulties of plant propagation. ![]()
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